What is a Piston Pump
This type of pump uses a
piston cup, a rocking mechanism (where the downstroke changes the pressure) and
fills the pump cavity (the upstroke forces the pump fluid to flow for your use).
Piston pumps are commonly used in situations that require high pressure and
continuous water supply or irrigation systems. The working of a piston pump is
very similar to a diaphragm pump. The main difference is that a diaphragm pump
uses a diaphragm for pressurizing the fluid instead of piston.
Piston pumps are included
in durable and simple devices. A piston, a chamber and two valves are the main
piston pump component. The, thereby squeezing the container inside the pump
works by pushing the piston into the chamber. The special liquid, usually water
or oil, are used in the hydraulic pump. The compressed fluid passes through the
open outlet valve when the liquid pressure exceeds the outlet pressure spring.
One of the most efficient
types of pumps is the piston pump; although relatively expensive, they have
good pressure (up to 10,000 psi), but their design allows it. They provide excellent solutions for many
high-pressure hydraulic oil pump applications. A hydraulic pump is any type of
volumetric machine used in fluid power applications to supply hydraulic current
to electrical equipment for fluids such as cylinders, pistons, motors, and
other equipment.
Types
of Piston Pump
The two main types of
piston pumps are Lift pumps and power pumps. Both types can be manually or
motor-driven.
1)
Lift Pump
In this piston pump, the
upward stroke pulls the water piston through a valve under the cylinder. The
water enters the upper part of the cylinder through a valve attached to the
piston. In the next skin, water is discharged from the top of the cylinder
through the nozzle. The height of the water limits this type of pump to resist
the pressure of the air against the vacuum.
2)
Radial Piston Pump
It is a hydraulic piston
pump. The active pistons expand perfectly symmetrically around the shaft,
showing their main difference from another piston pump, an axial rotating
piston.
A series of pistons in a
cylindrical block surrounds the rotor hub, basically placed by the radial
reciprocating pump. A shaft, a cylinder head with a piston and a rotor are the
main component of the cylinder. The axis pushes the fluid in and out of the
cylinder. The shaft abnormally installs in the pump housing. When the shaft
rotates, it forces the piston in and out of the cylinder, causing hydraulic
fluid to be drawn into the cylinder cavity and therefore exit from it. The pump
inlet and outlet locate in the centre of the bucket valve. Each piston connects
to the inlet when it begins to expand and to the outlet when it begins to
contract.
The other design places the inlet and outlet
around the pump housing. Fixed or variable displacement models are purchased in
terms of reciprocating radial pumps. The eccentricity of the rotor in the
pumping chamber changes to reduce or increase the piston strokes in the
variable displacement version.
They have many
advantages: high efficiency, high-pressure capability up to 1000 bar or 14000
psi, low current and pressure fluctuations, low noise level, very high load at
minimum speed, and high reliability. The disadvantage is that they are larger
than axial pumps due to their larger radial size and, therefore, cannot always
be used in applications with limited space.
Advantages
of Piston Pumps
The pressure range of the
piston pump is very wide. It can deliver very high pressure, which can affect
the pressure and not affect the flow. The piston pump has a continuous
discharge flow rate. Pressure variations and exhaust speeds have little effect
on performance. Piston pumps can carry viscous liquids, large quantities of
gases and solids provided the valve design is correct.
Disadvantages
of Piston Pump
Compared to centrifugal pumps, the cost per unit of performance of piston pumps is higher. Mechanical components are easy to handle so that that maintenance costs can be high. The valves must be abrasion resistant to pass large solids. These pumps have low efficiency compared to piston pumps. Other article Virtualization.
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